[Annotatie]: Compendium 4 of the Spirit Beings in European Folklore-series covers an area that starts with Wallonia and continues via France and the Pyrenees, through the Iberian Peninsula, to Italy and Greece.[Inhoudsopgave]: Introduction8 Aatxe11 Addar11 Aidegaxto11 Aideko12 Akelarre13 Akerbeltz or Aker15 Alarabi 17 Aloja17 Alseids19 Amalur19 Amilamia 22 Ana Sösana22 Anguana22 Anjanas23 Ankou24 Annequin25 Antaura25 Apabardexu26 Apalpador 26 Ardi26 Argiduna27 Arquetu27 Arrainandere27 Atarrabi or Atarabi 27 Auloniads28 Ayalga28 Badalisc29 Banyoles29 Barbegazi29 Basajaun or Baxajaun30 Basandere32 Bécut33 Befana33 Bella mbriana33 Berbéch, Malasén& Sblesén 34 Bête du Gévaudan34 Beuffenie35 Bildur aize35 Birao 36 Borda36 Broxa37 Brouculaka37 Buffardello 37 Bugul-noz40 Busgoso42 Butoni43 Caballi 44 Cabeiri44 Cama-Crusa 47 Camenae48 Cauchemar 49 Centaur50 Cheval Mallet50 Chevêche 52 Coco52 Couzzietti53 Craqueuhhe53 Crinaeae54 Croque-Mitaine55 Cuegle57 Daktyloi58 Dames blanches58 Debru60 Diaños60 Dip61 Doñas de fuera63 Donyet64 Dryad64 Duende64 Dusios65 Eate 69 Egoi69 Eguen or Egu69 Ehiztari beltza70 El Broosha71 Eleionómai72 Elfos72 Empusa72 Enanos73 Etsai74 Etxajaun74 Falugas76 Fantasti76 Fantines76 Farfadets76 Faunus77 Fées78 Fées des Houles78 Feltue79 Fions80 Folletto80 Fuì81 Gaizkiñ81 Gallu de la Muerte81 Galtzagorri82 Gambastorta82 Gambosins83 Gatipedro83 Gaueko83 Gello85 Genius92 Genius loci92 Gerixeti93 Gizotsoa94 Gnefro94 Gorgons94 Gorri txiki95 Grand Bissetere95 Gripet95 Groach96 Guajona99 Guaxa99 Hadas102 Hamadryad102 Hárpyia104 Herensuge105 Herrauscorritsehe106 Hippocampus106 Hodei107 Hombre de las Narices107 Houzier108 Hupeur or Hueur108 Hutzêran109 Hyades109 Iditu111 Ihizi111 Incubus / Succubus112 Inguma or Mauma117 Intxisua118 Inuus119 Ipotx119 Iratxoak119 Irelu120 Ireltxu120 Janara121 Janas or Gianas121 Jaunagorri122 Jean de lOurs122 Jentilak or Gentiles123 Jetins124 Juancaballos125 Kallikantzaros125 Karnabo127 Katakhanás127 Kères128 Kobalos131 Korrigan131 Lamia133 Lamina134 Lampádes136 Lares136 Lehen137 Lemures137 Lenghelo139 Leuce or Leuke140 Limnades140 Linchetto142 Lobo hechizado143 Longana143 Loup-garou144 Lutin144 Mahwotte146 Maide146 Mairi146 Mairu147 Maju149 Malabron151 Mamur151 Manes152 Manona152 Marabbecca152 Mari153 Marraco155 Maru155 Mateo Txistu156 Mazapégul157 Mazaròl158 Mazzamurello158 Meiga158 Melinoë159 Mélusine161 Mikelats161 Minairons163 Mirokutana163 Monuca163 Mora164 Morgens or Marie-Morganes164 Mormo166 Moro Mussa166 Mourioche167 Mouros168 Muladona172 Munaciello172 Naiads174 Nain174 Napaeae175 Negret175 Nereids175 Nicole176 Nitus176 Nuberos176 Nuton178 Nymph180 Oceanides184 Ogre184 Oilar187 Ojáncanu187 Paniskoi 189 Papu189 Parisette189 Patuek190 Pegai190 Pegasides192 Peix Nicolau192 Penates192 Perro del Urko193 Pesadilla194 Pesanta194 Pie-pie van-van195 Pilous195 Prakagorri195 Puigmal195 Quarantamaula197 Ramidreju198 Rongeur dOs198 Sarramauca198 Sarvanot199 Satyr199 Saurimonde201 Sbilfs204 Sèrvan204 Sgranf205 Silvanus205 Simeot207 Sirens207 Sorginak209 Sorsain209 Sottai or Sotré210 Squàsc212 Strix212 Sugaar215 Tantugou216 Tarasque216 Tartaro217 Tchén al tchinne218 Telchines218 Tentirujo219 Tourmentine219 Tramontino219 Tranganarru220 Trasgo220 Trastolillos222 Trenti222 Tronantes222 Truffandec222 Txaalgorri223 Urtzi225 Ventolines225 Voirloup226 Vrykólakas227 Washerwomen229 Xana231 Yan-gant-y-tan233 Youdic234 Zakur234 Zaldi234 Zamari zuria235 Zezen or Zezengorri235 Zirri Mirri, Zirpi Zarba and Zirpi Zirbi235 Literature and digital sources238 From the same series244[Flaptekst]: Compendium 4 of the Spirit Beings in European Folklore-series covers an area that starts with Wallonia and continues via France and the Pyrenees, through the Iberian Peninsula, to Italy and Greece. This results in a very diverse and colourful collection of spirit beings, due to the many included Basque nature-spirits or Ireluak, the Spanish Duendes, the Celtic spirits of Brittany, the prankster Italian Folletti and the creatures from Greece. Some creatures from Breton folklore are particularly gruesome, such as the hollow-eyed Ankou, the Werewolf-like Bugul-nôz, or the ghostly and Will-o-the-wisp-like Yan-gant-y-tan, who roams the night roads with his five lit candles. Most Italian ghosts are less gloomy, while the Iberian Peninsula is home to everything ranging from the Beauty to the Beast. Compendium4 contains amongst other things many kinds of dwarf-spirits or Goblins (Lutins, Nutons, Folletti, Farfadettes, Korrigans, Minairons) various seductive and feminine spring creatures, Wild Man-varieties (Basajaunak, Jentilak) and an extensive section on the Incubus-Succubus. It is fascinating to discover how many types of European spirit beings (from Kobold to many female spring-spirits), described in the other Compendiums, can be traced back to creatures from Ancient Greece. Compendium 4 discusses 270 spirit beings in detail, includes their alternative names, additional references to subordinate beings and a unique selection of illustrations.
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